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6.
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ἐξ
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GEL intermediate:
ἘΚ, before a vowel ἘΞ, and ἘΓ before β γ δ λ μ:—Prep. governing GEN. only, Lat. e, ex:—Radical sense, from, out of, opp. to εἰς:
I. OF PLACE:
1. of Motion, out of, forth from, Hom., etc.: ἐκ θυμοῦ φίλεον I loved her from my heart, with all my heart, Il.
2. to denote change from one place or condition to another, κακὸν ἐκ κακοῦ one evil from (or after) another, Ib.; λόγον ἐκ λόγου λέγειν Dem.
3. to express distinction from a number, ἐκ πόλεων πίσυρες four out of many, Il.
4. of Position, like ἔξω, outside of, beyond, ἐκ βελέων out of shot, Ib.; ἐκ καπνοῦ out
of the smoke, Od.
5. with Verbs of Rest, ἐκ ποταμοῦ χρόα νίζετο washed his body with water from
the river, Ib.:—with Verbs signifying to hang or fasten, ἐκ πασσαλόφι κρέμασεν
φόρμιγγα he hung his lyre from (i.e. on) the peg, Ib.; ἐκ τοῦ βραχίονος ἐπέλκουσα
leading it [by a rein] upon her arm, Hdt.:—also, sitting or standing, στᾶσ’ ἐξ Οὐλύμποιο
from Olympus where she stood, Il.; καθῆσθαι ἐκ πάγων to sit on the heights and look
from them, Soph.
II. OF TIME, ἐξ οὗ or ἐξ οὗτε [χρόνου], Lat. ex quo, since, Hom., Att.; ἐκ τοῦ or ἐκ
τοῖο from that time, Il.; ἐκ πολλοῦ (sc. χρόνου) for a long time, Thuc.
2. of particular points of time, ἐκ νέου or ἐκ παιδός from boyhood; ἐξ ἀρχῆς, etc.;
so, ἐκ θυσίας γενέσθαι to have just finished sacrifice, Hdt.; ἐκ τοῦ ἀρίστου after
breakfast, Xen.
3. when we say in or by, ἐκ νυκτῶν Od.; ἐκ νυκτός Xen., etc.
III. OF ORIGIN,
1. of the Material, out of or of which things are made, ποιεῖσθαι ἐκ ξύλων τὰ πλοῖα
Hdt.
2. of the Father, ἔκ τινος εἶναι, γενέσθαι, φῦναι, etc., Il.; ἀγαθοὶ καὶ ἐξ ἀγαθκων
Plat.
3. of the Author or Occasion of a thing, ὄναρ ἐκ Διός ἐστιν Il.; θάνατος ἐκ
μνηστήρων death by the hand of the suitors, Od.; τὰ ἐξΕ͂̓λλήνων τείχεα walls built by
them, Hdt.
4. with the agent after Pass. Verbs, where ὑπό is more common, ἐφίληθεν ἐκ Διός
they were beloved of (i.e. by) Zeus, Il.
5. of the Cause, Instrument or Means by which a thing is done, ἐκ πατέρων
φιλότητος in consequence of our fathers friendship, Od.; so, ἐκ τίνος; ἐκ τοῦ;
wherefore? Eur.; ποιεῖτε ὑμῖν φίλους ἐκ τοῦ Μαμωνᾶ τῆς ἀδικίας make yourselves
friends of (i.e. by means of), N.T.
6. from, i.e. according to, ἐκ τῶν λογίων according to the oracles, Hdt.; ἐκ νόμων
Aesch.
7. periphr. for an Adv., (as in Lat. ex consulto, ex composito), ἐκ βίας by force, =
βιαίως, Soph.; ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ = φανερῶς, Thuc., etc.
8. with numerals, ἐκ τρίτου in the third place, Eur.
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οὗ
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GEL intermediate:
ὍΣ, ἥ, ὅ, gen. οὗ, ἧς, οὗ, etc.:—Ep. gen. ὅου, ἕης; dat. pl. οἷσι, ᾗς, ἧσι.—Pronoun,
which in early Greek was used
A. as a Demonstr. = οὗτος, ὅδε.
B. as a Relat.
A. DEMONSTR., this, that; sometimes also for αὐτός, he, she, it, only in nom.:
I. in Hom., ἀλλὰ καὶ ὃς δείδοικε Il.; ὃ γὰρ γέρας ἐστὶ θανόντων Od.
II. in later Greek,
1. at the beginning of a clause, καὶ ὅς and he, καὶ ἥ and she, καὶ οἵ and they, Hdt., Plat.
2. ὃς καὶ ὅς such and such a person, Hdt.
3. ἦ δʼ ὅς, ἦ δʼ ἥ said he, said she, Plat.
4. in oppositions, Λέριοι κακοί οὐχ ὁ μέν, ὃς δʼ οὐ Phocyl.; ὃς μὲν. . , ὁ δὲ. . ,
Mosch., etc.
B. RELAT., who, which, Lat. qui, quae, quod: properly, the Relat. is governed by the
Noun or Verb in its own clause, but it often takes the case of the Anteced. by attraction,
τῆς γενεῆς, ἧς Τρωὶ Ζεὺς δῶκε (where the proper case would be ἥν) Il.; οὐδὲν ὧν
λέγω (for οὐδὲν τούτων ἃ λέγω) Soph.:—reversely the Anteced. passes into the case of
the Relat., τὰς στήλας, ἃς ἵστα, αἱ πλεῦνες (for τῶν στηλῶν, ἃς ἵστα, αἱ πλεῦνες)
Hdt.
2. the neut. was used in Att. without an Antecedent, ὃ δὲ δεινότατόν γʼ ἐστὶν
ἁπάντων, ὁ Ζεὺς γὰρ ἕστηκεν but what is the strangest thing of all is, that Zeus stands,
Ar., etc.
3. in many instances the Gr. Relat. must be resolved into a Conjunction and Pron.,
ἄτοπα λέγεις, ὅς γε κελεύεις (for ὅτι σύ γε) Xen.; συμφορὰ δʼ, ὃς ἂν τύχῃ κακῆς
γυναικός (for ἐάν τις) Eur.:—it is also used, where we should use the Inf., ἄγγελον
2398
ἧκαν, ὃς ἀγγείλειε nuncium miserunt, qui nunciaret, sent a messenger to tell, Od.;
πέμψον τινʼ, ὅστις σημανεῖ Eur.
II. the Relat. Pron. joined with Particles or Conjunctions:
1. ὅς γε, v. ὅσγε.
2. ὃς δή, v. δή 1. 5.
3. ὃς καί who also, but καὶ ὅς and who.
4. ὄς κε or κεν, Att. ὃς ἄν, much like ὅστις, Lat. quicunque, whosoever, who if any.
III. absol. usages of certain Cases of the Relat. Pron.:
1. gen. sing. οὗ, of Place, like ὅπου, where, Aesch., Trag., etc.:—ἔστιν οὗ in some
places, Eur.; οὐκ εἶδεν οὗ γῆς in what part of the earth, Id.:—in pregnant phrases,
μικρὸν προϊόντες, οὗ ἡ μάχη ἐγένετο (for ἐκεῖσε οὗ) having gone on to the place
where. . , Xen.
2. ἐξ οὗ (sub. χρόνου) from the time when, Hom., etc.
3. dat. fem. ἧ, Dor. ἇ, of Place, like Lat. qua, where: also with Sup. Adv., ᾗ μάλιστα,
ᾗ ῥᾷστα, ῃ ἄριστον, etc., like ὡς μάλιστα, etc., and Lat. quam celerrime, Xen.
4. acc. sing. neut. ὅ for διʼ ὅ or ὅτι, that, how that, also because, Lat. quod, Hom.:—
also wherefore, Lat. quapropter, Eur.
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δὴ
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GEL intermediate:
δή, Particle used to give greater exactness, to the word or words which it influences
(prob. a shortened form of ἤδη, Lat. jam) now, in truth, indeed, surely, really.
I. Usage of δή with single words:
1. after Adjectives, οἶος δή, μόνος δή, all alone, Od., etc.; esp. such as imply
magnitude, μέγας δή, μικρὸς δή, etc.; often with Superlatives, μέγιστος δή,
κράτιστος δή quite the greatest, confessedly the best, Thuc.; so with Numerals, ὄκτω δὴ
προέηκα ὀϊστούς I have shot full eight arrows, Il.; εἷς δή one only, Eur., etc.
2. after Adverbs, πολλάκις δή many times and oft, often ere now, Lat. jam saepe, Il.;
ὀψὲ δὲ δή quite late, Ib.; νῦν δή even now, now first, now at length, Xen., etc.:—τότε
δή at that very time, Thuc.; αὐτίκα δὴ μάλα on the very spot, Plat.; also, ναὶ δή yea
verily, Il.; οὐ δή surely not, Soph.
3. with Verbs, δὴ γὰρ ἴδον ὀφθαλμοῖσι for verily I saw him, Il.
4. with Substantives, ἐς δὴ τὸ Ἄργος τοῦτο. . well to this A. they came, Hdt.; τέλος
δή its complete end, Aesch.; ironically, Lat. scilicet, εἰσήγαγε τὰς ἑταιρίδας δή the
pretended courtesans, Xen.
5. with Pronouns, to mark strongly, ἐμὲ δή a man like me, Hdt.; σὺ δή you of all
persons, Id.; οὗτος δή this and no other, Id.; ὅς δή who plainly, Il.:—with indef.
Pronouns, ἄλλοι δή others be they who they may, Ib.; δή τις some one or other, Lat.
nescio quis, Plat.; δή τι in any way, whatever it be, Il., Hdt.
II. in reference to whole clauses:
1. to continue a narrative, so then, so, τότε μὲν δὴ ἡσυχίην εἶχε Hdt.; in summing
up, τοιαῦτα μὲν δὴ ταῦτα, Lat. haec hactenus, Aesch.
2. in inferences, Hdt., etc.; esp. to express what is unexpected, καὶ σὺ δή so then you
too! Aesch.
3. with Imper. and Subj., ἐννοεῖτε γὰρ δή for do but consider, Xen.; so, ἄγε δή,
φέρε δή, ἴθι δή, σκόπει δή, etc.
4. γε δή to express what follows a fortiori, μετὰ ὅπλων γε δή above all with arms,
Thuc.; μή τί γε δή not to mention that, Dem.
5. καὶ δή and what is more, Il.: so, ἐς Αἴγυπτον ἀπίκετο, καὶ δὴ καὶ ἐς Σάρδις he
came to Egypt, and what is more to Sardis also, Hdt.; ἰσχὺς καὶ κάλλος καὶ πλοῦτος δή
and above all riches, Plat.
b. καὶ δή is also in answers, βλέψον κάτω. Answ. καὶ δὴ βλέπω, well, I am looking,
Ar.
c. in assumptions, καὶ δὴ δέδεγμαι and now suppose I have accepted, Aesch.
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τὰ
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GEL intermediate:
ὁ, ἡ, τό, is
A. demonstr. Pronoun.
B. the definite Article.
C. in Ep., the relative Pronoun, when it is written with the accent ὅ, ἥ, τό = ὅς, ἥ, ὅ.
Besides the common forms, note Ep. gen. sing. τοῖο for τοῦ; pl. nom. τοί, ταί; gen. fem.
τάων [ᾰ], dat. τοῖσι, τῇς and τῇσι; dual gen, and dat. τοῖιν:—in Trag. we find τοὶ μέν.
. , τοὶ δέ. . , for οἱ μέν. . , οἱ δέ. . ; dat. pl. also τοῖσι, ταῖσι: the dual has commonly but
one gender, τώ for τά, τοῖν for ταῖν.
A. ὁ, ἡ, τό, DEMONSTR. PRONOUN:
I. joined with a Subst., not as the Art., but like Lat. ille, ὁ Τυδείδης Tydeus, famous
son, Il.; Νέστωρ ὁ γέρων Nestor—that aged man, Ib.; τιμῆς τῆς Πριάμου for honour,
namely that of Priam, Ib.
II. without a Subst., he, she, it, ὁ γὰρ ἦλθε Ib., etc.
III. pecul. usages,
1. before Relat. Pronouns, to call attention to the foregoing noun, ἐφάμην σε περὶ
φρένας ἔμμεναι ἄλλων, τῶν ὅσσοι Λυκίκην ναιετάουσιν far above the rest, namely
above those who. . , Ib.
2. ὁ μέν. . , ὁ δέ. . , either in Opposition, ὁ μέν the former, ὁ δέ the latter), or in
Partition, the one. . , the other. . , Lat. hic. . , ille. . .
IV. absolute usages of single cases,
1. fem. dat. τῇ, there, on that spot, Hom.; τὸ μὲν τῇ, τὸ δὲ τῇ Xen.:—with a notion
of motion towards, thither, Il.
b. of Manner, τῇπερ in this way, thus, Od.; τῇ μέν. . , τῇ δέ. . , in one way. . , in
another. . , or partly. . , partly, Eur., etc.
c. relative, where, for ἧ, Hom.
2. neut. gen. τοῦ, therefore, Id.
3. neut. dat. τῷ, therefore, Id., Soph.
b. thus, in this wise, then, if this be so, on this condition, Hom.
4. neut. acc. τό, wherefore, Id., Soph.; τὸ δέ, absol., but as to this. . , Plat.
5. τὸ μέν. . , τὸ δέ. . , partly. . , partly. . , or on the one hand. . , on the other. . , Od.,
Att.; τὰ μέν. . , τὰ δέ. . , Hdt., Soph., Thuc.; also, τὰ μέν τι. . , τὰ δέ τι. . , Xen.
6. with Prepositions, of Time, ἐκ τοῦ, Ep. τοῖο, ever since, Il.
b. πρὸ τοῦ, sometimes written προτοῦ, before this, aforetime, Hdt., Aesch.; so, ἐν τῷ
προτοῦ χρόνῳ Thuc.
7. ἐν τοῖς is often used in Prose with Superlatives, ἐν τοῖς θειότατον one of the
most marvellous things, Hdt.; ἐν τοῖς πρῶτοι among the first, Thuc.
B. ὁ, ἡ, τό, THE DEFINITE ARTICLE, the, the indefin. being τὶς, τὶ, a or an. The use of
ὁ, ἡ, τό, as the Article sprung from its use as demonstr. Pron., τὸν ὀπίστατον him that
was hindmost, i.e. the hindmost man, Il.; τὸν ἄριστον him that was bravest, etc.;—also
with Advs. τὸ πρίν, τὸ πάρος περ, τὸ πρόσθεν, τὸ τρίτον, τὰ πρῶτα all in Il.
II. the true Article is first fully established in Att.: it is omitted with prop. names and
with appellatives which require no specification, as θεός, βασιλεύς:—but it is added to
Prop. Names, when there has been previous mention of the person, as Thuc. speaks first
of Πειθίας, and then refers to him as ὁ Π.; or to give pecul. emphasis, like Lat. ille, ὁ
Λάϊος, ὁ Φοῖβος Soph.
2. with Infinitives, which thereby become Substantives, τὸ εἶναι the being; τὸ
φρονεῖν good sense, etc.
3. in neuter, to specify any word or expression, τὸ ἄνθρωπος the word man; τὸ λέγω
the word λέγω; τὸ μηδὲν ἄγαν the sentiment ‘ne quid nimis.’
4. before Pronouns,
a. before the pers. Pron., to give them greater emphasis, but only in acc., τὸν ἐμέ,
τὸν σὲ καὶ ἐμέ Plat.
5. before the interrog., to make the question more precise, τὸ τί; Aesch., etc.; τὰ
ποῖα; Eur.
III. Elliptic. expressions:
1. before the gen. of a prop. n., to express descent, ὁ Διός (sc. παῖς), ἡ Λητοῦς (sc.
θυγάτηρ) often in Att.; but sometimes, as appears from the context, to denote husband,
brother, friend, wife:—then before a gen. it indicates all general relations, as, τὰ τῆς
πόλεως all that concerns the state; τὰ τῶν’ Αθηναίων φρονεῖν to hold with the
Athenians, be on their side, Hdt.:—so with neut. of possess. Pron., τὸ ἐμόν, τὸ σόν what
regards me or thee, my or thy business. But τὸ τινος is often also, a mans saying, as, τὸ
τοῦ Σόλωνος Hdt.
2. with cases governed by Preps., οἱ ἐν τῇ πόλει, οἱ ἀπὸ (or ἐκ) τῆς πόλεως the
men of the city; οἱ ἀμφί τινα, οἱ περί τινα such an one and his followers, but also
periphr. for the person himself.
3. on μὰ τόν, v. μά IV.
4. πορεύεσθαι τὴν ἔξω τείχους (sc. ὁδόν), Plat.; κρίνασθαι τὴν ἐπὶθάνατον, v.
θάνατος 1. 2; ἡ αὔριον (sc. ἡμέρα) the morrow:—also with Advs., which thus take an
Adject. sense, as, ὁ, ἡ, τὸ νῦν the present; οἱ τότε ἄνθρωποι the men of that time, also οἱ
τότε, οἱ νῦν, etc.; τὸ πρίν formerly; τὸ πρόσθεν, τὸ πρῶτον, etc.; τὸ ἀπὸ τούτου, τὸ
ἀπὸ τοῦδε from the present time, etc.
C. CRASIS OF ART.:—in Trag. ὁ, ἡ, τό, with ᾰ make ᾱ, as ἁνήρ, ἅνθρωπος, ἁλήθεια,
ἁρετή, τἀγαθόν, τἀδικεῖν, τᾄτιον; so, οἱ, αἱ, τά, as ἅνδρες, ἅνθρωποι, τἀγαθά,
τἀκίνητα; also τοῦ, τῷ, as τάγαθοῦ, τἀγαθῷ:—ὁ, τό, οἱ, with ε become ου, οὑξ, οὑπί,
οὑμός, τοὔργον, οὑπιχώριοι, etc.; also τοῦ, as τοὐμοῦ, τοὐπιόντος; but in one case ᾱ,
ἅτερος, θἄτερον, for οὔτερος (which is Ion.); τῷ remains unchanged, τὠμῷ,
τὠπιόντι:—ἡ with ε becomes ᾱ, ἁτέρα:—ὁ, τό before ο becomes ου, as Οὕλυμπιος,
τοὔνομα:—ὁ, τό, etc., before αυ do not change the diphthong, αὑτός, ταὐτό, ταὐτῷ;
so, τὰ αὐτά = ταὐτά, αἱ αὐταί = αὑταί:—ἡ before εὐ becomes ηὑ, as ηὑλάβεια:—τῇ
before ἡ becomes θη, as θἠμέρα:—τό before ὑ becomes θου-, as θοὔδωρ for τὸ ὕδωρ.
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πρῶτα
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GEL intermediate:
πρότερος and πρῶτος, Comp. and Sup. formed from πρό, as Lat. prior, primus, from prae.
A. Comp. πρότερος, α, ον,
I. of Place, before, in front, forward, Il.; πόδες πρ. the fore feet, Od.
II. of Time, before, former, sooner, Hom., etc.; οἱ πρότεροι men of former times, Il.;
πρότερος γενεῇ Ib.; but, πρ. παῖδες children by the first or a former marriage, Od.; τῇ
προτέρῃ (sc. ἡμέρᾳ) on the day before, Lat. pridie, Ib.; ὁ πρότερος Διονύσιος
Dionysius the elder, Xen.:—the Adj. is often used where we use the Adv., ὅ με
πρότερος κάκ’ ἔοργεν Il., etc.
2. as a regular Comp., c. gen., Ib., Hdt., etc.; also foll. by ἤ, τῷ προτέρῳ ἔτεϊ ἢ
κρητῆρα [ἐληίσαντο] Hdt.
III. of Rank, Worth, and generally of Precedence, before, above, superior, Dem.; πρ.
τινος πρός τι superior to him in a thing, Plat.
IV. after Hom., neut. πρότερον as Adv. before, sooner, earlier, Hdt., etc.; ὀλίγον πρ.
Plat.:—c. gen., ὀλίγῳ τι πρ. τούτων Hdt., etc.; most commonly foll. by ἤ, Id., Att.; also by πρίν, πρὶν ἄν, πρὶν ἤ, Hdt., Att.; also used with the Art., τὸ πρ. τῶν ἀνδρῶν τούτων
Hdt.: Adv. often between Art. and Subst., e.g. ὁ πρότερον βασιλεύς Id.
B. Sup. πρῶτος, η, ον, contr. from *πρόατος, Dor. πρᾶτος:
I. Adj. first, serving as the ordinal to the cardinal εἷς, Hom.
2. of Place, first, foremost, ἐνὶ πρώτοισι or μετὰ πρώτοισι alone, Il.; ἐν πρώτῳ
ῥυμῷ at the front or end of the pole, Ib.; πρώτῃσι θύρῃσι at the first or outermost doors,
Ib.
3. of Time, πρὸς πρώτην ἕω at first dawn, Soph.
4. of Order, πρῶτοι πάντων ἀνθρώπων Hdt.; τῇ πρώτῃ τῶν ἡμερῶν Id.:—ἐν
πρώτοις, among the first, then like Lat. imprimis, above all, especially, greatly, Id.; in
Att., ἐν τοῖς πρῶτοι (v. ὁ, ἡ, τό A. IV. 7):—in late Greek it is even foll. by a gen.,
πρῶτός μου N.T.
5. of Rank, μετὰ πρώτοισιν among the first men of the state, Od., etc.
II. neut. pl. πρῶτα, τά,
1. (sc. ἆθλα), the first prize, Il., Soph.
2. the first part, beginning, τῆσἸλιάδος τὰ πρ. Plat., etc.
3. the first, highest, in degree, τὰ πρ. τᾶς λιμῶ (Dor.) the extremities of famine, Ar.;
ἐς τὰ πρῶτα τιμᾶσθαι Thuc.:—of persons, ἐὼν τῶν Ἐρετριέων τὰ πρῶτα Hdt.; τὰ
πρῶτα τῆς ἐκεῖ μοχθηρίας the chief of the rascality down there, Ar.
III. as Adv.,
1. τὴν πρώτην (sc. ὥραν, ὁδόν) first, at present, just now, Hdt., etc.; so, τὴν πρώτην
εἶναι, like ἑκὼν εἶναι, at first, Id.
2. with Preps., ἀπὸ πρώτης (sc. ἀρχῆς), Thuc.
3. most commonly in neut. sing. and pl., πρῶτον, πρῶτα,
a. first, in the first place, Lat. primum, Hom., etc.
b. = πρότερον, before, Xen., Anth.
4. first, for the first time, Soph., etc.; ἐπεὶ πρῶτον, Lat. quum primum, as soon as,
Hom.; so, ὁππότε κε πρῶτον Od.; ὅτε or ὅταν πρ. Dem.; ἐὰν or ἢν πρ. Plat.
IV. Adv. πρώτως, Arist., etc.
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διαστήτην
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GEL intermediate:
δι-ΐστημι, f. -στήσω, to set apart, to place separately, separate, Thuc., Dem.
2. to set one at variance with another, τινά τινος Ar., Thuc.; δ. τὴν̓͂Ελλάδα to divide
it into fractions, Hdt.
II. Med. and Pass., with aor. 2, pf., and plqpf. act., to stand apart, to be divided, Il.;
θάλασσα διΐστατο the sea made way, opened, Ib.; τὰ διεστεῶτα chasms, Hdt.
2. of persons, to stand apart, be at variance, Il., Thuc.; διέστη ἐς ξυμμαχίαν
ἑκατέρων sided with one or the other party, Id.:—simply to differ, be different, Xen.
3. to part after fighting, Hdt.
4. to stand at certain distances or intervals, Id.; of soldiers, δ. κατὰ διακοσίους
Thuc.
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ἐρίσαντε
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GEL intermediate:
ἐρίζω, Ep. inf. ἐριζέμεναι -έμεν, Dor. ἔρισδεν: impf. ἤριζον, Ep. ἔριζον, Ion.
ἐρίζεσκον: fut. ἐρίσω:—Ep. aor. I ἤρῐσα, Ep. opt. ἐρίσσειε:—pf. ἤρἴκα Polyb.:—Med.,
Ep. aor. I subj. ἐρίσσεται (for ἐρίσηται): pf. ἐρήρισμαι: (ἔρις):—to strive, wrangle,
quarrel, τινί with one, Hom., Att.; πρός τινα Hdt., Plat.
2. to rival, vie with, be a match for, τινί Hom.:—c. acc. rei, to contend with one in a
thing, Id.;—also, c. dat. rei, Od., Att.
3. absol. to engage in a contest, keep the contest up, Il.
II. Hom. sometimes uses the Med., like the Act.
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7.
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Ἀτρεΐδης
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τε
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GEL intermediate:
τε, enclitic Particle, and, answering to Lat. que, as καί to et. It may simply join clauses,
as ὃς Χρύσην ἀμφιβέβηκας Κίλλαν τε ζαθέην, Τενέδοιό τε ἶφι ἀνάσσεις Il.; or it
may be repeated as τε. . τε. . , both. . and. . , as πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε Hom. So
also τε. . , καὶ. . , as διαστήτην Ἀτρείδης τε καὶ δῖος Αχιλλεύς Il., etc.:—used to
show coincidence of Time, μεσαμβρίη τέ ἐστι καὶ τὸ κάρτα γίγνεται ψυχρόν Hdt.,
etc.
2. the combination καί τε is peculiar to Ep., and also, Hom.
II. in Ep. Poetry, τε is attached to many relative Pronouns or Particles, without
altering their sense, as ὅστε, ὅσος τε, γάρ τε, δέ τε, μέν τε, ἔνθα τε, ἵνα τε, etc.: in
Att., this τε was dropped, except in a few words, as ἅτε, ὥστε, ἐφʼ ᾧτε, οἷός τε, ἔστε.
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ἄναξ
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GEL intermediate:
ἄναξ [ᾰ], ἄνακτος, ὁ: voc. ἄνα: (ἀνάσσω):—a lord, master, being applied to the gods,
esp. to Apollo and Zeus, Hom.; to the latter in voc., Ζεῦ ἄνα Il.
II. among the Homeric heroes Agamemnon is ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν; but ἄναξ is a title given
to all men of rank and note, as to Teiresias, Od.; βασιλεὺς ἄναξ lord king, Ib.
III. the master of the house, esp. as denoting the relation of master to slave, Ib.
IV. metaph., κώπης, ναῶν ἄνακτες lords of the oar, of ships, Aesch.; ἄν. ὅπλων
Eur.
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ἀνδρῶν
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GEL intermediate:
ἀνήρ (Root ΑΝΕΡ), ἀνέρος, ὁ, Att. ἀνδρός, ἀνδρί, ἄνδρα, voc. ἄνερ: pl. ἄνδρες, -
δρῶν, -δράσι [ᾰ], -δρας: [ᾰ: but in Ep. ἀνέρος, ἀνέρι, ἀνέρες, ᾱ]:—a man, Lat. vir (not
homo):
I. a man, opp. to a woman, Hom., etc.
II. a man, opp. to a god, πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε Id.
III. a man, opp. to a youth, a man in the prime of life, Id., etc.; εἰς ἄνδρας
ἐγγράφεσθαι to be enrolled among the men, Dem.
IV. a man emphatically, a man indeed, ἀνέρες ἔστε, φίλοι Il.; πολλοὶ μὲν
ἄνθρωποι, ὀλίγοι δὲ ἄνδρες many human beings, but few men, Hdt.
V. a man, opp. to his wife, a husband, Hom., etc.; αἰγῶν ἄνερ, Virgils vir gregis,
Theocr.
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καὶ
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GEL intermediate:
ΚΑΊ, Conjunction, used in two principal senses, either copulative, to join words and
sentences, and, Lat. et; or making a single word or clause emphatic, also, even, Lat.
etiam.
A. copulative, and, merely joining words or sentences, Lat. et, while τε answers to
que, Hom., etc.: to combine more closely, τε. . , καὶ. . are used, ἄρκτοι τε καὶ λέοντες
both bears and lions, etc.; often to add epithets after πολύς, πολλὰ καὶ ἐσθλά Il.; πολλὰ
καὶ μεγάλα Dem., etc.:—θεοὶ καὶ Ζεύς all the gods, and above all Zeus, Aesch.; ἄλλοι
τε καί. . , ἄλλως τε καί. . , v. ἄλλος, ἄλλως:—ὀλίγου τινὸς ἄξια καὶ οὐδενός worth
little or nothing, Plat.
II. in questions, to introduce an objection, καὶ πῶς. . ; but how. . ? nay how can it be?
Eur., etc.:—also = καίτοι, and yet, Ar.
III. after words implying sameness or likeness, καί must be rendered by as, like Lat.
atque or ac after aeque, perinde, simul, γνώμῃσι ὁμοίῃσι καὶ σύ the same opinion as
you, Hdt.; ἴσον or ἴσα καί. . , Soph., etc.: in Att., καί. . , καί. . answer to the Lat. cum,
tum, not only, but also, Plat., etc.
B. influencing single words or clauses, also, even, Lat. etiam, ἔπειτά με καὶ λίποι
αἰών then let life also forsake me, i.e. life as well as all other goods, Il.; καὶ αὐτοί they
also, they likewise, Xen.; εἴπερ τισκαὶ ἄλλος Plat., etc.
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δῖος
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GEL intermediate:
δῖος, δῖα, δίον (fem. δῖος and δία in Eur.), contr. for δίϊος: (Διός, gen. of Δίς):—godlike,
divine, Il.; δῖα γυναικῶν noblest of women, Od.:—also worthy, trusty, the
swineherd, Ib.; of whole nations or cities, Hom.; of a noble horse, Il.
2. of things, like θεῖος, θεσπέσιος, ἱερός, divine, wondrous, Hom.
II. in literal sense, of or from Zeus, Aesch.
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Ἀχιλλεύς.
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GEL intermediate:
Ἀχιλλεύς, gen. Ἀχιλλέως, Ep. ῆος, acc. Ἀχιλλέᾱ, voc. Ἀχιλλεῦ: Ep. nom. also
Ἀχιλεύς: (from ἄχος, the grief of the hero being the subject of the Il., cf. Ὀδυσ-
σεύς).:—Achilles, son of Peleus and Thetis, prince of the Myrmidons.
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